You know, someone really needs to paint a good portrait of Augustine of Hippo that doesn't involve A) a miter or B) a flaming heart. One can only take so much Roman iconography, after all, but there doesn't really appear to be a viable alternative amongst the vast resources of the Googles.
But aside from the fact that he's been the subject of a rather terrible set of portraits, the man has a distinguished track record. Writing October's Book of the Month would be an example. While hardly known at all today compared to his even greater works Confessions and City of God, this was a key text for many men in the medieval period, such as Cassiodorus Senator.
De Doctrina Christiana (translated as either "On Christian Teaching" or "On Christian Doctrine") was composed in two major chunks: the first was finished about 397 A.D., and the last book was finally added about thirty years later. In it, Augustine set out to provide the reader with the knowledge necessary to understand and teach the Scriptures. Beginning with his famous distinction between things to be enjoyed (only God) and things to be used (everything else) he lays out a path that leads to wisdom. One major step on that journey is knowledge, and most human knowledge is gained though signs (such as, say, letters). Thus Augustine lays the groundwork for both medieval literary accumulation (particularly in the monasteries) and modern semiotics. [For a fascinating fusion of the two, see Eco's The Name of the Rose] He then proceeds to attempt to adjust the rhetorical training of his pagan career with Christianity's needs, leading to his famous "plundering the Egyptians" metaphor that is itself often plundered by the modern classical movement.
This was most fascinating to take in parallel with Benedict's Rule for Monasteries, although that will probably wind up being a separate post someday. Suffice to say I think there's some interesting connections in there, particularly about holiness, literature, and learning.
If you're interested in classical rhetoric or education, definitely take a look at this one. Just make sure to find a good guide--there's a lot flying under the surface of this text.
